PSG has now won the prestigious cup on 14 different occasions.
Paris Saint-Germain needed a dramatic leveler followed by a perfect penalty shootout to overcome Marseille in the Gulf and secure a record-extending fourth consecutive Trophee des Champions title.
The European champions appeared to be sailing towards a comfortable win in the match between the Ligue 1 champions and the Coupe de France winners after Ousmane Dembele opened the net in the opening stages.
However, Marseille struck two times in the closing moments to seize a surprise lead. First, the English forward scored from the spot-kick, before the defender inadvertently turned the ball into his own net for an own-goal.
In a remarkable turn of fortune, the Portuguese striker grabbed a vital leveler in the dying moments to force the contest into a penalty shootout. The Parisian shot-stopper Lucas Chevalier then emerged as the hero, saving decisive kicks from Matt O'Riley and Traore.
In the shootout, Goncalo Ramos, Vitinha, the full-back, and Desire Doue all scored successfully for PSG to seal a 4-1 penalty win.
The record winners Paris Saint-Germain, who met last season's Ligue 1 runners-up Marseille after achieving a league and cup double, have now won this competition for the 12th time in the past 13 years.